Calculating the size of a Diesel Generator (D.G.) involves a careful assessment of various factors to ensure that the generator can provide a reliable source of electrical power when needed. The primary purpose of a D.G. set is to supply electricity during power outages or when a supplementary power source is required. Here are the key steps and factors to consider in D.G. size calculation:
Load Analysis:
- The first step is to perform a comprehensive analysis of the electrical load that the generator will be expected to support. This analysis should include the total power demand, including both essential and non-essential loads.
- Determine the peak or maximum load that the generator may need to handle. This peak load is crucial for sizing the generator appropriately.
Type of Loads:
- Different loads have different characteristics. Some loads, like motors and compressors, have high starting currents (inrush current), which must be considered when sizing the generator.
- Distinguish between continuous loads (those that run for extended periods) and intermittent loads (those that operate intermittently) as this affects generator sizing.
Power Factor:
- Take into account the power factor of the loads. A power factor less than 1 indicates that the load is inductive or capacitive, and the generator needs to be sized accordingly to provide both real and reactive power.
Diversity Factor:
- Consider the diversity factor, which accounts for the probability that not all loads will operate at their maximum simultaneously. This factor can reduce the overall generator size required.
Fuel Availability:
- Determine the type of fuel that the generator will use (e.g., diesel, natural gas, propane) and ensure that a reliable and readily available source of fuel is accessible for the generator.
Emissions and Environmental Regulations:
- Be aware of any local emissions and environmental regulations that may impact the choice of generator type and size, especially if the generator operates in an environmentally sensitive area.
Altitude and Temperature:
- Consider the operating environment, including factors like altitude and temperature, as these conditions can affect the generator's performance. Some generators are designed for specific environmental conditions.
Future Expansion:
- Plan for future growth or additional loads, as it may be more cost-effective to size the generator slightly larger than current requirements to accommodate future needs.
Redundancy and Backup:
- Determine whether a backup generator or redundancy is required to ensure uninterrupted power supply. This may involve multiple generators or an automatic transfer switch (ATS) for seamless switching between the main power source and the generator.
Professional Consultation:
- For complex or critical applications, it's advisable to consult with a professional electrical engineer or generator specialist to ensure accurate sizing and compliance with relevant codes and standards.
The D.G. size calculation is a crucial step in ensuring that the generator meets the specific power requirements of an application while operating efficiently and reliably. It's essential to carefully evaluate all relevant factors to determine the appropriate size of the Diesel Generator for your specific needs.
