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Electrical substations are an essential part of the electrical power transmission and distribution system. They are responsible for transforming high voltage electricity from the power plant to low voltage electricity, which can be distributed to homes, businesses, and industries.
Here are some of the essential components of an electrical substation:
Transformers: Transformers are the primary component of a substation. They are used to change the voltage of the electrical energy from high to low or vice versa.
Circuit Breakers: Circuit breakers are used to protect the electrical system from overloads or short circuits. They detect and interrupt any electrical fault in the system.
Busbars: Busbars are metal bars that connect various electrical components in the substation. They act as a common conductor for the distribution of electrical power.
Isolators: Isolators are used to isolate a circuit or equipment from the electrical supply. They are used for maintenance or repair work.
Lightning Arresters: Lightning arresters are used to protect the electrical system from lightning strikes. They divert the lightning surge to the ground.
Capacitor Banks: Capacitor banks are used to improve the power factor of the electrical system. They help to reduce energy losses and improve the efficiency of the system.
Control Panels: Control panels are used to control and monitor the various electrical components in the substation. They provide information on the performance of the system and allow operators to control the equipment.
Metering Equipment: Metering equipment is used to measure the electrical energy consumed by the consumers. It helps in billing and revenue collection.
Battery Banks: Battery banks are used to provide backup power to the substation in case of power outages. They ensure uninterrupted power supply to the critical equipment in the substation.
These are some of the essential components of an electrical substation. The components used in a substation depend on the type of substation and its function.
1.Introduction to Electrical Substation
